Organizational Politics, Ethical Leadership, and Organizational Citizenship Behavior of Faith-based Institutions in Northern Mindanao Philippines
- Publication History
- Published online: February 28, 2024
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.35877/454RI.daengku2447
- Copyright
- Copyright (c) 2024 Rubie C. Cabasag, Efren J. Barillo
Abstract
Investigating political strategies, ethical concerns, and organizational citizenship is imperative for research. This study determined the level of organizational politics, ethical leadership, and organizational citizenship behavior at faith-based institutions in Northern Mindanao. The descriptive-correlational research design was used in the study, 132 employees as respondents and were selected through purposive and quota sampling techniques. Adapted and modified Organizational Politics, Ethical Leadership, and Organizational Citizenship Behavior Questionnaires were used in gathering the data that were analyzed using Mean and Standard Deviation as well as Pearson Product-Moment Correlation Coefficient to measure the levels of organizational politics, ethical leadership, and organizational citizenship behavior among respondents and explore the significant relationships between these variables. Results revealed that respondents have a low level of organizational politics, a high level of perceived ethical leadership, and a very high level of Organizational Citizenship behavior. Organizational politics was not associated with organizational citizenship behavior. However, ethical leadership was highly significant in organizational citizenship behavior. The study concluded that the ethical behavior and moral conduct of leaders influenced Organizational Citizenship Behavior. Thus, it is recommended that organizations cultivate a moral culture among leaders and managers to elevate Organizational Citizenship behavior in the workplace.
References (37)
- Ahlawat, M., Suneja, A., & Chawla, A. (2020). A Conceptual Study of the Determinants of Organizational Citizenship Behaviour. Journal of Services Research, 20(2), 157–170.https://web.p.ebscohost.com/ehost/detail/detail?vid=0&sid=fe2eaca9-b0b9-4b41-ab01-e59d5c8232b9%40redis&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZQ%3d%3d#AN=151971010&db=heh
- AlKhudari, M. N., Almashaqbeh, S. S. S., & Alkhaza’leh, R. M. A. (2022). The practice of ethical leadership among managers of news websites from journalists’ point of view. International Journal of Education in Mathematics, Science and Technology, 10(3), 695-709. https://ijemst.org/index.php/ijemst/article/view/2556
- Brown, M. E., Treviño, L. K., & Harrison, D. A. (2005). Ethical leadership: A social learning perspective for construct development and testing. Organizational behavior and human decision processes, 97(2), 117-134. https://tinyurl.com/5f4b5774
- Chang, C.-H., Rosen, C., Siemieniec, G., & Johnson, R. (2012). Perceptions of Organizational Politics and Employee Citizenship Behaviors: Conscientiousness and Self-monitoring as Moderators. Journal of Business & Psychology, 27(4), 395–406. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10869-012-9257-6
- Den Hartog, D. N. (2015). Ethical leadership. Annu. Rev. Organ. Psychol. Organ. Behav., 2(1), 409-434.https://tinyurl.com/4vkwya7
- Dhar, R. L. (2011). Living with organizational politics: An exploration of employees’ behavior. Work, 40(2), 153–164.http://tiny.cc/coirvz
- Dirik, D., & Eryılmaz, İ. (2018). Leader Power Bases and Organizational Outcomes: The Role of Perceived Organizational Politics. Journal of East European Management Studies, 23(4), 532–558. https://www.jstor.org/stable/26617439
- Freire, C., & Pinto, M. I. (2022). Clarifying the mediating effect of ethical climate on the relationship between ethical leadership and workplace bullying. Ethics & Behavior, 32(6), 498–509. https://doi.org/10.1080/10508422.2021.1941027
- Gad, S., & Elsayed, W. (2023). Relationship Between Perceived Organizational Politics and Job Satisfaction Among NGO Social Workers. Public Organization Review, 23(2), 793–804. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11115-021-00578-6
- Gonçalves, T., & Curado, C. (2023). The role of ethical leadership and social networks in the promotion of workplace happiness and quality of care: A cross‐sectional study. International Journal of Health Planning & Management, 38(5), 1330–1344. https://doi.org/10.1002/hpm.3663
- Gotsis, G., & Kortezi, Z. (2010). Ethical Considerations in Organizational Politics: Expanding the Perspective. Journal of Business Ethics, 93(4), 497–517. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-009-0241-7
- Jain, M. (2011). Organizational politics and human resource management. The Indian Journal of Political Science, 953-960.http://www.jstor.org/stable/41856531
- Jian, Q., Wang, X., Al-Smadi, H. M., Waheed, A., Badulescu, A., & Samad, S. (2022). Proposing a Robust Model to Reduce Employees’ Turnover Intentions in an Ethical Leadership Framework: Empirical Evidence from the Healthcare Sector. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(15). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19158939
- Kacmar, K. M., & Baron, R. A. (1999). Organizational politics. Research in human resources management, 1(3).https://tinyurl.com/yc34wpds
- Lam, L. W., & Xu, A. J. (2019). Power imbalance and employee silence: The role of abusive leadership, power distance orientation, and perceived organizational politics. Applied Psychology, 68(3), 513-546. Retrieved December 27, 2022, from https://urlday.cc/j7cvo
- Landells, E., & Albrecht, S. (2017). The Positives and Negatives of Organizational Politics: A Qualitative Study. Journal of Business & Psychology, 32(1), 41–58. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10869-015-9434-5
- Li, D., & Shang, C. (2023). The power of example: The relationship between supervisors’ and employees’ organizational citizenship behavior. Social Behavior & Personality: An International Journal, 51(2), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.2224/sbp.12172
- Li, G., Lu, Y., & Eliason, R. G. (2022). How does ethical leadership enhance employee creativity during the COVID-19 Pandemic in China? Ethics & Behavior, 32(6), 532–548. https://doi.org/10.1080/10508422.2021.1932502
- Liang, J., Chen, H., Du, D., & He, X. (2023). Crafting Personal territory in a political world: A human agency approach to organizational politics. Journal of Occupational & Organizational Psychology, 96(4), 993–1017. https://doi.org/10.1111/joop.12428
- Liang, L. H., Varty, C. T., Lian, H., Brown, D. J., Law, D., Chen, J., & Evans, R. (2023). Subordinate Organizational Citizenship Behavior Trajectories and Well-Being: The Mediating Roles of Perceived Supervisor Consideration and Initiating Structure. Human Performance, 36(2), 64–88. https://doi.org/10.1080/08959285.2023.2205140
- Magdaleno, J., Caballer, A., Sora, B., García-Buades, M. E., & Rodríguez, I. (2023). The Mediating Role of Job Crafting of Social Resources in the Relationship between Job Autonomy, Self-Efficacy, and Organizational Citizenship Behavior. Employee Responsibilities & Rights Journal, 35(1), 95–110. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10672-022-09402-9
- Malik, O. F., Shahzad, A., Raziq, M. M., Khan, M. M., Yusaf, S., & Khan, A. (2019). Perceptions of organizational politics, knowledge hiding, and employee creativity: The moderating role of professional commitment. Personality and Individual Differences, 142, 232-237.https://tinyurl.com/23s9uhbk
- Naeem, R. M., Weng, Q. (Derek), Hameed, Z., & Rasheed, M. I. (2020). Ethical leadership and work engagement: A moderated mediation model. Ethics & Behavior, 30(1), 63–82. https://doi.org/10.1080/10508422.2019.1604232
- Noori, R., Shoaib, S., & Mujtaba, B. G. (2023). Antecedents and Consequences of Perception of Organizational Politics: Empirical Evidence for Public Sector Universities in Eastern Afghanistan. Public Organization Review, 23(4), 1477–1503. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11115-022-00685-y
- Organ, D. W. (1997). Organizational citizenship behavior: It’s constructed cleanup time. Human Performance, 10, 85-97. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327043hup1002_2
- Pakizekho, S., & Barkhordari-Sharifabad, M. (2022). The relationship between ethical leadership, conscientiousness, and moral courage from nurses’ perspective. BMC Nursing, 21(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-022-00941-y
- Pakizekho, S., & Barkhordari-Sharifabad, M. (2022). The relationship between ethical leadership, conscientiousness, and moral courage from nurses’ perspective. BMC Nursing, 21(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-022-00941-y
- Paralta, R., Simões, E., & Duarte, A. P. (2023). Subjective Well-Being in Organizations: Effects of Internal Ethical Context and Ethical Leadership. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(5). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20054451
- Qasim, M., Irshad, M., Majeed, M., & Rizvi, S. T. H. (2022). Examining Impact of Islamic Work Ethic on Task Performance: Mediating Effect of Psychological Capital and a Moderating Role of Ethical Leadership. Journal of Business Ethics, 180(1), 283–295. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-021-04916-y
- Sawitri, H. S. R., Suyono, J., Istiqomah, S., Sarwoto, & Sunaryo, S. (2021). Linking Leaders’ Political Skill and Ethical Leadership to Organizational Citizenship Behavior: The Roles of Self-Efficacy, Respect, and Leader-Member Exchange. International Journal of Business, 26(4), 70–89.https://web.p.ebscohost.com/ehost/pdfviewer/pdfviewer?vid=0&sid=fe892928-cd72-415b-aa3d-413d440b0d5a%40redis
- Shakeel, F., Kruyen, P., & Van Thiel, S. (2018).Development of the broader ethical leadership scale. Paper presented at the Netherlands Institute of Governance conference, University of Leiden, The Hague, The Netherlands. Retrieved on February 28, 2022 from https://bit.ly/3ha5Rk8
- Tuliao, K. V., Chen, C.-W., & Wu, T.-Y. (2020). Employees’ perceived institutional importance, organizational norms, and organizational citizenship behavior: Insights from a multilevel assessment of the institutional anomie theory. Journal of Social Psychology, 160(5), 624–643. https://doi.org/10.1080/00224545.2020.1726857
- Varner, C. M. (2020). Evaluation of ethical leadership on job satisfaction, organizational commitment, and organizational citizenship behavior in the food and beverage industry. Retrieved on January 1, 2023, from https://urlday.cc/cxd1i
- Widarko, A., & Anwarodin, M. K. (2022). Work motivation and organizational culture on work performance: Organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) as a mediating variable. Golden Ratio of Human Resource Management, 2(2), 123-138. https://goldenratio.id/index.php/grhrm/article/view/207
- Ye, S., Yang, Y., Wang, W., & Zhou, X. (2022). Linking ethical leadership to employees’ change-oriented organizational citizenship behavior: A multilevel moderated mediation model. Social Behavior & Personality: An International Journal, 50(7), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.2224/sbp.11636
- Yuan, L., Chia, R., & Gosling, J. (2023). Confucian Virtue Ethics and Ethical Leadership in Modern China. Journal of Business Ethics, 182(1), 119–133. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-021-05026-5
- Zhang, Z., Liu, G., & Ye, C. (2022). Mechanisms underlying the effect of occupational stressors on public servants’ organizational citizenship behavior. Social Behavior & Personality: An International Journal, 50(12), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.2224/sbp.12013
Keywords
Citation
Cabasag, R. C., & Barillo, E. J. (2024). Organizational Politics, Ethical Leadership, and Organizational Citizenship Behavior of Faith-based Institutions in Northern Mindanao Philippines. Daengku: Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences Innovation, 4(1), 182–192. https://doi.org/10.35877/454RI.daengku2447
PublishedFebruary 28, 2024
Volume4 - 2024
Pages182-192
