Sports and Cultural Diplomacy Integration in Post-Pandemic COVID-19 International Events: Evidence from Indonesia's MotoGP Mandalika 2022
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35877/454RI.daengku3745Keywords:
International relations, sports and cultural diplomacy, tourism development, soft power, MotoGP, IndonesiaAbstract
This study analyzes Indonesia's strategic deployment of the 2022 MotoGP Mandalika as an integrated sports-cultural diplomatic tool and examines its effectiveness in promoting tourism recovery and strengthening international relations in the postpandemic era. A qualitative research approach was employed, incorporating semistructured interviews with key stakeholders. Data triangulation was performed via primary interview data and secondary sources from August 2023-January 2025, and the impacts of the event were analyzed through the theoretical frameworks of soft power, sports diplomacy, and cultural diplomacy. The analysis revealed that the MotoGP Mandalika event successfully contributed to a 1.46% increase in regional GDP and generated an additional 4.5 trillion Indonesian rupiah in economic value. The integration of local cultural elements, including the participation of 300 SME groups and traditional performance, enhanced the event's diplomatic impact. The study identified effective multistakeholder collaboration among government agencies, international organizations, and local communities as a crucial success factor. The findings demonstrate that integrating sports and cultural diplomacy through international sporting events can effectively serve multiple national interests, from economic recovery to diplomatic relationship enhancement to national security. The successful implementation of MotoGP Mandalika provides a model for developing nations seeking to leverage sporting events for diplomatic purposes while promoting sustainable tourism development in the postpandemic era.
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Krismawati, D., & Panuntun, S. B. (2022). The economic condition of West Nusa Tenggara at the Mandalika MotoGP event with a big data approach in the tourism sector approach. Seminar Nasional Official Statistics, 2022(1), 609–620. https://doi.org/10.34123/semnasoffstat.v2022i1.1486
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Pamment, J. (2019). Special issue on sports diplomacy. Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, 15(3), 145–146. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41254-019-00136-4
Postlethwaite, V., Jenkin, C., & Sherry, E. (2023). Sport diplomacy: an integrative review. Sport Management Review, 26(3), 361–382. https://doi.org/10.1080/14413523.2022.2071054
Pratama, M. A. B., & Harahap, A. M. (2023). Indonesian culture diplomacy through MotoGP in the KEK Mandalika international circuit. Mediasi: Journal of International Relations, 6(2), 49–71. https://doi.org/10.21111/mediasi.v6i2.11109
Ramadhan, G., & Kusumah, A. H. G. (2022). The 10 new Bali project in indonesia, real or gimmick. Journal of Humanities and Social Studies, 6(1), 030–034. https://doi.org/10.33751/jhss.v6i1.4983
Sabon, V. L., Perdana, M. T. P., Koropit, P. C. S., & Pierre, W. C. D. (2018). Strategi Peningkatan Kinerja Sektor Pariwisata Indonesia Pada ASEAN Economic Community. Esensi: Jurnal Bisnis Dan Manajemen, 8(2), 5928. https://doi.org/10.15408/ess.v8i2.5928
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Taupikurrahman, T., & Suwandana, E. (2022). Tourism sector analysis of West Nusa Tenggara and the impact of MotoGP Mandalika. Jurnal Kepariwisataan Indonesia, 16(2), 163–185. https://doi.org/10.47608/jki.v16i22022.163-185
Wang, H., & Lu, Y.-C. (2008). The conception of soft power and its policy implications: a comparative study of China and Taiwan. Journal of Contemporary China, 17(56), 425–447. https://doi.org/10.1080/10670560802000191
Abdi, K., Talebpour, M., Fullerton, J., Ranjkesh, M. J., & Nooghabi, H. J. (2019). Identifying sports diplomacy resources as soft power tools. Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, 15(3), 147–155. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41254-019-00115-9
Alhassan, T. (2023). Nation branding in a globalized competitive world: how can countries utilize nation brands to foster their potential? (Issue June) [Universidade Católica Portuguesa]. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.22673.44648
Ayu Rahmatika, B. Della. (2024). Dampak pembangunan wisata sport tourism pertamina mandalika international circuit dalam aspek ekonomi. TEHBMJ (Tourism Economics Hospitality and Business Management Journal), 4(1), 7–12. https://doi.org/10.36983/tehbmj.v4i1.556
Baker, C., Atkinson, D., Grabher, B., Howcroft, M., Baker, M. H., & Atkinson, C. (2024). Soft power, cultural relations and conflict through Eurovision and other mega-events: A literature review (1st ed.). British Council.
Biro Pers Media dan Informasi Sekretariat Presiden. (2021). Resmikan Sirkuit Mandalika, presiden: siap digunakan untuk ajang kelas dunia. Biro Pers, Media dan Informasi Sekretariat Presiden. https://www.presidenri.go.id/siaran-pers/resmikan-sirkuit-mandalika-presiden-siap-digunakan-untuk-ajang-kelas-dunia/
Caraka, R. E., Wardhana, I. W., Kim, Y., Sakti, A. D., Gio, P. U., Noh, M., & Pardamean, B. (2023). Connectivity, sport events, and tourism development of Mandalika’s special economic zone: A perspective from big data cognitive analytics. Cogent Business & Management, 10(1), 2183565. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2023.2183565
Carbone, F. (2017). International tourism and cultural diplomacy: A new conceptual approach towards global mutual understanding and peace through tourism. Tourism, 65(1), 61–74.
Carter, N., Bryant-Lukosius, D., DiCenso, A., Blythe, J., & Neville, A. J. (2014). The Use of Triangulation in Qualitative Research. Oncology Nursing Forum, 41(5), 545–547. https://doi.org/10.1188/14.ONF.545-547
Chalip, L. (2004). Chapter 12. Beyond impact: A general model for sport event leverage. In Sport Tourism (pp. 226–252). Channel View Publications Ltd. https://doi.org/10.21832/9781873150672-014
Chandra, C. A., Kusuma, T. I. J., & Wijaya, S. (2023). Sport tourism quality and its influence on visitor satisfaction and revisit intention: an empirical study of Mandalika MotoGP. Jurnal Pariwisata Pesona, 8(2), 186–194. https://doi.org/10.26905/jpp.v8i2.10366
Cho, J., & Lee, E.-H. (2014). Reducing confusion about grounded theory and qualitative content analysis: similarities and differences. The Qualitative Report, 19(32), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.46743/2160-3715/2014.1028
Garamvölgyi, B., Bardocz-Bencsik, M., & Dóczi, T. (2022). Mapping the role of grassroots sport in public diplomacy. Sport in Society, 25(5), 889–907. https://doi.org/10.1080/17430437.2020.1807955
Gauttam, P., Singh, B., Singh, S., Bika, S. L., & Tiwari, R. P. (2024). Education as a soft power resource: A systematic review. Heliyon, 10(1), e23736. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23736
Goytom, S. (2024). Cultural diplomacy through sports: case studies of international sporting events promoting diplomatic relations. International Journal of Arts, Recreation and Sports, 3(2), 25–36. https://doi.org/10.47941/ijars.1937
Grix, J., Jeong, J. B., & Kim, H. (2021). Understanding South Korea’s use of sports mega-events for domestic, regional and international soft power. Societies, 11(4), 144. https://doi.org/10.3390/soc11040144
Kena, S. R., Wayan, N., Priadarsini, R., Surya, A. A. B., & Nugraha, W. (2024). Indonesian public diplomacy in holding the 2022 Moto GP to improve indonesia’s nation brand after the covid-19 pandemic. Diskusi Ilmiah Komunitas Hubungan Internasional, 4(2), 187–202.
Kiani, M. S., & Nazari, L. (2024). The position of diplomacy in sport as a discourse of peace and health development in the contemporary world (case study: Iran’s sport system). Journal of Peacebuilding & Development, 15423166241304236. https://doi.org/10.1177/15423166241304237
Knott, B., Fyall, A., & Jones, I. (2017). Sport mega-events and nation branding. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 29(3), 900–923. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCHM-09-2015-0523
Krismawati, D., & Panuntun, S. B. (2022). The economic condition of West Nusa Tenggara at the Mandalika MotoGP event with a big data approach in the tourism sector approach. Seminar Nasional Official Statistics, 2022(1), 609–620. https://doi.org/10.34123/semnasoffstat.v2022i1.1486
Larasati, M. R. P., Made Eka Mahadewi, N., & Ketut Surata, I. (2023). The role of sports events as an alternative tourism in lombok: a case study of the implementation of the MotoGP Mandalika. Jurnal Bisnis dan Manajemen, 3(3), 2477–1783. https://ejournal.penerbitjurnal.com/index.php/business/article/view/214
Murray, B. S. (2013). Moving beyond the Ping-Pong table: sports diplomacy in the modern diplomatic environment. PD Magazine 11, 48. https://static1.squarespace.com/static/5be3439285ede1f05a46dafe/t/5be3b7884fa51aca8f6e0818/1541650314261/SportsDiplomacy.pdf
Nugraha, S. S. (2022). Moto-GP Mandalika dalam konteks politik luar negeri Indonesia. Media Indonesia. https://mediaindonesia.com/opini/477820/moto-gp-mandalika-dalam-konteks-politik-luar-negeri-indonesia
Nye, J. S. (2004a). Soft power and american foreign policy. Political Science Quarterly, 119(2), 255–270. https://doi.org/10.2307/20202345
Nye, J. S. (2004b). Soft power: The means to success in world politics (1st ed.). Public affairs.
Pamment, J. (2019). Special issue on sports diplomacy. Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, 15(3), 145–146. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41254-019-00136-4
Postlethwaite, V., Jenkin, C., & Sherry, E. (2023). Sport diplomacy: an integrative review. Sport Management Review, 26(3), 361–382. https://doi.org/10.1080/14413523.2022.2071054
Pratama, M. A. B., & Harahap, A. M. (2023). Indonesian culture diplomacy through MotoGP in the KEK Mandalika international circuit. Mediasi: Journal of International Relations, 6(2), 49–71. https://doi.org/10.21111/mediasi.v6i2.11109
Ramadhan, G., & Kusumah, A. H. G. (2022). The 10 new Bali project in indonesia, real or gimmick. Journal of Humanities and Social Studies, 6(1), 030–034. https://doi.org/10.33751/jhss.v6i1.4983
Sabon, V. L., Perdana, M. T. P., Koropit, P. C. S., & Pierre, W. C. D. (2018). Strategi Peningkatan Kinerja Sektor Pariwisata Indonesia Pada ASEAN Economic Community. Esensi: Jurnal Bisnis Dan Manajemen, 8(2), 5928. https://doi.org/10.15408/ess.v8i2.5928
Sari, W. P., Paramita, S., & Azeharie, S. (2019). Harmony in Intergroup Communication Between Muslim and Hinduism in Lombok. Jurnal penelitian komunikasi dan opini publik, 23(1), 1674. https://doi.org/10.33299/jpkop.23.1.1674
Satrio, M. A. (2021). Upaya pemerintah Indonesia dalam meningkatkan pariwisata mandalika melalui kerangka branding ‘wonderful indonesia.’ Indonesian Perspective, 6(1), 37513. https://doi.org/10.14710/ip.v6i1.37513
Sukmawati, A. S., Hermawan, I. M. A., Saputra, E. K., Adnyana, I. M. D. M., Aldyza, N., Slamet, N. S., Hidayat, B., Pandawa, R. M., Hamdani, R., Maisura, Dara, W., & Sembodo, A. (2024). Metodologi Penelitian (H. Akbar, Ed.; 1st ed.). CV. Media Sains Indonesia.
Taupikurrahman, T., & Suwandana, E. (2022). Tourism sector analysis of West Nusa Tenggara and the impact of MotoGP Mandalika. Jurnal Kepariwisataan Indonesia, 16(2), 163–185. https://doi.org/10.47608/jki.v16i22022.163-185
Wang, H., & Lu, Y.-C. (2008). The conception of soft power and its policy implications: a comparative study of China and Taiwan. Journal of Contemporary China, 17(56), 425–447. https://doi.org/10.1080/10670560802000191
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Published
2025-02-26
How to Cite
Eljatin, M. A. J., Sumadinata, R. W. S., & Sari, D. S. (2025). Sports and Cultural Diplomacy Integration in Post-Pandemic COVID-19 International Events: Evidence from Indonesia’s MotoGP Mandalika 2022. Daengku: Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences Innovation, 5(1), 113–120. https://doi.org/10.35877/454RI.daengku3745
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