Reconstructing Public Accountability in Evidence Management within Law Enforcement Institutions

Authors

  • Wawan Setiawan Universitas Sriwijaya
  • Andries Lionardo Universitas Sriwijaya
  • Alfitri Universitas Sriwijaya
  • Slamet Widodo Universitas Sriwijaya

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.35877/454RI.daengku4833

Keywords:

Public Accountability, Evidence Management, Collaborative Governance, Law Enforcement Institutions, Public Service, Relational-Systemic Accountability Model

Abstract

This study examines the reconstruction of public accountability in evidence management within law enforcement institutions through a relational–systemic governance perspective. The study employs a qualitative case study approach conducted at the Public Prosecutor’s Office of Palembang. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observation, and document analysis involving prosecutors, evidence officers, administrative personnel, and institutional supervisors directly engaged in evidence management processes. The analysis focused on four principal accountability dimensions consisting of actors, objects, forums, and interaction mechanisms. The results reveal that accountability practices in evidence management remain predominantly procedural, hierarchical, and compliance-oriented. Accountability mechanisms mainly emphasize administrative reporting, inventory control, and procedural conformity, while broader dimensions such as transparency, public trust, collaborative governance, responsiveness, and organizational learning have not yet been optimally integrated. The findings further show that fragmented coordination among institutional actors, limited participatory accountability forums, and rigid bureaucratic communication mechanisms weaken accountability effectiveness and reduce institutional adaptability. This study develops the Relational–Systemic Accountability Model Based on Public Service (ARS–PP Model), which integrates collaborative institutional responsibility, public value orientation, participatory accountability forums, and adaptive interaction mechanisms into a unified accountability framework. The findings suggest that accountability effectiveness in evidence management depends on institutional integration, collaborative governance capacity, adaptive coordination systems, and public-oriented governance transformation.

References

Abdullah, H. O., Maqsood, M., & Nadeem, A. (2025). Digital Evidence in Criminal Proceedings: Legal Standards, Chain of Custody, and Evidentiary Reliability in The Digital Era. Research Journal for Social Affairs, 3(5), 795–805. https://doi.org/10.71317/RJSA.003.05.0375

Akinsola, K. (2025). The Role of Corporate Governance in Strengthening Compliance Frameworks. https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.5126938

Alderman, L. (2022). The Continuous Learning Framework: Applying accountability for widespread organisational change. Evaluation Journal of Australasia, 22(4), 206–220. https://doi.org/10.1177/1035719X221120294

Ansell, C., & Gash, A. (2008). Collaborative governance in theory and practice. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 18(4), 543–571. https://doi.org/10.1093/JOPART/MUM032

Arnold, N. (2022). Accountability in transnational governance: The partial organization of voluntary sustainability standards in long-term account-giving. Regulation & Governance, 16(2), 375–391. https://doi.org/10.1111/REGO.12357

Aston, T., Faria, G., & Santos, Z. (n.d.). Social Accountability and Service Delivery Effectiveness: What is the Evidence for the Role of Sanctions? Background Paper.

Batista, D., Mangeth, A. L., Frajhof, I., Alves, P. H., Nasser, R., Robichez, G., Silva, G. M., & Miranda, F. P. de. (2023). Exploring Blockchain Technology for Chain of Custody Control in Physical Evidence: A Systematic Literature Review. Journal of Risk and Financial Management 2023, Vol. 16, Page 360, 16(8), 360. https://doi.org/10.3390/JRFM16080360

Baur, J. E., Carr, J., & Foster, D. (2026). Accountability in international organizations. In Handbook of Accountability Research: Politics, Law, Business, Work. Edward Elgar Publishing. https://doi.org/10.4337/9781803924137.00029

Baxter, D., Colledge, T., & Turner, N. (2017). A Study of Accountability in Two Organizational Learning Frameworks: Why Accountability for Learning is Critical. European Management Review, 14(3), 319–332. https://doi.org/10.1111/EMRE.12112

Birdayanthi, B., Yusriadi, Y., & Ikmal, I. (2025). Accountability and Transparency in Public Administration for Improved Service Delivery. Journal Social Civilecial, 3(1), 34–47. https://doi.org/10.71435/610633

Bogdan, R. C., & Biklen, S. K. (2007). Qualitative Research for Education: An Introduction to Theories and Methods. Allyn & Bacon.

Boufounou, P., Eriotis, N., Kounadeas, T., Argyropoulos, P., & Poulopoulos, J. (2024). Enhancing Internal Control Mechanisms in Local Government Organizations: A Crucial Step towards Mitigating Corruption and Ensuring Economic Development. Economies, 12(4), 78. https://doi.org/10.3390/ECONOMIES12040078/S1

Bovens, M. (2005). The Concept of Public Accountability. Oxford University Press.

Bryson, J. M., Crosby, B. C., & Bloomberg, L. (2014). Public Value Governance: Moving Beyond Traditional Public Administration and the New Public Management. Public Administration Review, 74(4), 445–456. https://doi.org/10.1111/PUAR.12238

Cäker, M., Siverbo, S., & Åkesson, J. (2022). Performance measurement systems, hierarchical accountability and enabling control. Accounting and Business Research, 52(7), 865–889. https://doi.org/10.1080/00014788.2021.1940076

Christensen, T., & Lægreid, P. (2022). Taking stock: New public management (NPM) and post-NPM reforms-trends and challenges. Handbook on the Politics of Public Administration, 38–49. https://doi.org/10.4337/9781839109447.00010

Creswell, J., & Poth, C. (2023). Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five approaches (5th ed). Sage Publications.

Cruz Dallagnol, E., Portulhak, H., & Cezar Severo Peixe, B. (2023). How is public value associated with accountability? A systematic literature review. Public Money & Management, 43(3), 251–258. https://doi.org/10.1080/09540962.2022.2129531

Dandurand, Y. (2014). Criminal justice reform and the system’s efficiency. Criminal Law Forum, 25(3), 383–440. https://doi.org/10.1007/S10609-014-9235-Y

Dash, B. P., & Dixit, V. (2024). Disaster supply chain with information and digital technology integrated in its institutional framework. International Journal of Production Research, 62(8), 3003–3022. https://doi.org/10.1080/00207543.2022.2042612

DeAnna Marie Williams-Smith, B. (2024). Exploring Culture and Communication Within the Hierarchical Organizational Structure of a Florida Law Enforcement Agency.

Denhardt, R. B., & Denhardt, J. V. (2000). The new public service: Serving rather than steering. Public Administration Review, 60(6), 549–559. https://doi.org/10.1111/0033-3352.00117

Deny, Sariyono, E. B., Rasiwan, I., Triestanto, J., & S, Z. (2026). Discretionary Authority Of Law Enforcement Officials In The Settlement Of Criminal Cases Based On Restorative Justice. International Journal of Health, Economics, and Social Sciences (IJHESS), 8(1), 499~505-499~505. https://doi.org/10.56338/IJHESS.V8I1.9965

Dimaggio, P. J., & Powell, W. W. (2021). The Iron Cage Revisited: Institutional Isomorphism and Collective Rationality in Organizational Fields. The New Economic Sociology: A Reader, 111–134. https://doi.org/10.2307/2095101

Harake, M. F. (2025). The Evolution of Public Management Theories and Their Contemporary Applications in Policy and Research. The Applied Business & Management Review, 1(1). https://abmr-journal.org/index.php/intl/article/view/13

Henrard, K., & Duin, M. (2025). Research Handbook on Accountability for Human Rights Violations. Research Handbook on Accountability for Human Rights Violations, 1–648. https://doi.org/10.4337/9781035306930

Illési, Z. (2025). Digital Evidence Management for Organizational Legal Compliance. Interdisciplinary Description of Complex Systems?: INDECS, 23(3), 217–229. https://doi.org/10.7906/INDECS.23.3.3

Irvita, M., & Asriani, A. (2025). Transparency and accountability in the justice system: Building public trust and justice. Priviet Social Sciences Journal, 5(4), 26–40. https://doi.org/10.55942/PSSJ.V5I4.367

Jeff, G. J. ", Gulati, ", & Williams, C. B. (2010). Congressional Candidates’ Use of YouTube in 2008: Its Frequency and Rationale. http://www.quantcast.com/youtube.com

Johnstone, D. B., Dee, J. R., & Bess, J. L. (2023). Understanding College and University Organization?: Theories for Effective Policy and Practice: Volume II — Dynamics of the System. Understanding College and University Organization. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003448457

Kanon, M. (2024). The networked bureaucracy: reinventing formalization in the context of collaborative governance. Public Management Review, 26(10), 2921–2942. https://doi.org/10.1080/14719037.2023.2298230

Kavanagh, C. (2019). New Tech, New Threats, and New Governance Challenges: An Opportunity to Craft Smarter Responses?

Kezazy, H. El, & Hilmi, Y. (2023). Improving Good Governance Through Management Control in Local Authorities. International Review of Management And Computer, 7(3). https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.10577979

Khanyile, X. N. (2025). The Impact of a compromised Chain of Custody on the Admissibly of Evidence in South African Criminal Trails. https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=5663235

Kumar, A., Singh, R. K., & Swain, S. (2025). Adoption of Technology Applications in Organized Retail Outlets in India:A TOE Model. Global Business Review, 26(6), 1482–1505. https://doi.org/10.1177/09721509211072382

Lægreid, P., & Rykkja, L. H. (2022). Accountability and inter-organizational collaboration within the state. Public Management Review, 24(5), 674–694. https://doi.org/10.1080/14719037.2021.1963822

Lawan, A. A., & Henttonen, P. (2024). Preserving evidence integrity: the key to efficient anti-corruption investigations. Records Management Journal, 34(1), 41–57. https://doi.org/10.1108/RMJ-03-2023-0016

Lebkhachi, K., & Chraibi, A. (2025). Revolutionizing Public Management: From Bureaucracy to New Public Governance. International Journal of Research in Economics and Finance, 2(1), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.71420/IJREF.V2I1.43

Lee, S. (2022). When Tensions Become Opportunities: Managing Accountability Demands in Collaborative Governance. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 32(4), 641–655. https://doi.org/10.1093/JOPART/MUAB051

Lee, S., & Ospina, S. M. (2022). A Framework for Assessing Accountability in Collaborative Governance: A Process-Based Approach. Perspectives on Public Management and Governance, 5(1), 63–75. https://doi.org/10.1093/PPMGOV/GVAB031

Mahmoud Saleh, F. I., & Karia, N. (2024). Management of Monitoring, Evaluation, Accountability, and Learning. Value-Driven Management for International Development and Aid Projects, 73–91. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-3666-9_7

Maryani, N., Muchlish, M., Mulyadi, R., & Solehah, N. (2026). Blockchain-Based Audit Trails: Improving Transparency and Fraud Detection in Digital Accounting Systems. International Journal of Advanced Computer Science & Applications, 17(1), 648.

Meier, K. J., O’Toole, L. J., & Nicholson-Crotty, S. (2004). Multilevel governance and organizational performance: Investigating the political-bureaucratic labyrinth. Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, 23(1), 31–47. https://doi.org/10.1002/PAM.10177

Mensah, E. K. G. (2024). Examining the Impact of False Confessions and Wrongful Convictions on Criminal Justice Reform. SSRN Electronic Journal. https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.4813186

Mey, G. (2022). Qualitative Methodology (pp. 1–26). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-26248-8_22-1

Miles, M. B., & Huberman, A. M. (1994). Qualitative Data Analysis: An Expanded Sourcebook. Sage Publications.

Mohammed, U. U. (2024). Effect of coordination on organizational performance in Nigeria: A study of Kano State Civil Service Commission. International Journal of Intellectual Discourse, 7(3), 2636–4832. https://ijidjournal.org/index.php/ijid/article/view/621

Muslim, M., Rimi, ?, & Mais, G. (2023). The Interplay between Transparency, Accountability, and Corruption: A Contemporary Discourse. Advances: Jurnal Ekonomi & Bisnis, 1(6), 332–343. https://doi.org/10.60079/AJEB.V1I6.268

Negash, M., & Hassan, S. (2024). Rethinking accountability in developing countries: an institutional pillars perspective. Management Research Review, 47(4), 643–670. https://doi.org/10.1108/MRR-12-2022-0892

O’Regan, B., King, R., & Smith, D. (2022). Combining accountability forms: transparency and “intelligent” accountability in a public service organization. Accounting, Auditing & Accountability Journal, 35(5), 1287–1315. https://doi.org/10.1108/AAAJ-03-2020-4473

Ojeabulu, N., Iyanda, O. T., Chukwuebuka, N. O., & Olakunle, R. A. (2025). An Examination of the Nigerian Criminal Justice Prosecutorial Regime. https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.5909444

Omolo Awino, P. (2025). Accountability Practices on the Performance of National Police Service in Kenya. SSRN Electronic Journal. https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.5203387

Onyango, G. (2023). Collaborative public governance in African public administration contexts: Problems of realising joint actions in multi-agency arrangements. https://doi.org/10.21203/RS.3.RS-2443876/V1

Palinkas, L. A., Horwitz, S. M., Green, C. A., Wisdom, J. P., Duan, N., & Hoagwood, K. (2015). Purposeful Sampling for Qualitative Data Collection and Analysis in Mixed Method Implementation Research. Administration and Policy in Mental Health and Mental Health Services Research, 42(5), 533–544. https://doi.org/10.1007/S10488-013-0528-Y

Pedraja-Rejas, L., Rodríguez-Ponce, E., & Rojas-Miranda, P. (2025). The Impact of Organisational Learning on Innovation and Institutional Performance in Universities: A Narrative Review. Systems 2025, Vol. 13, Page 743, 13(9), 743. https://doi.org/10.3390/SYSTEMS13090743

Peruzzotti, E. (2025). Social Accountability. Understanding Accountability: New Perspectives on a Fractured World, 193–210. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003457961-12/SOCIAL-ACCOUNTABILITY-ENRIQUE-PERUZZOTTI

Phil, C. (2022). Validity and Reliability within Qualitative Research for the Caring Sciences. International Journal of Caring Sciences, 14(3).

Pilon, M., & Brouard, F. (2023). Conceptualizing accountability as an integrated system of relationships, governance, and information. Financial Accountability & Management, 39(2), 421–446. https://doi.org/10.1111/FAAM.12323

Planer, R. J. (2023). The evolution of hierarchically structured communication. Frontiers in Psychology, 14, 1224324. https://doi.org/10.3389/FPSYG.2023.1224324/TEXT

Pratama, M. A., Taufiqurokhman, T., & Andriansyah, A. (2025). Strengthening Public Accountability Through Government Agency Performance Evaluation: An Empirical Study in Local Government. Journal of Public Administration Research , 1(1), 16–34. https://ejournal.grafindoscience.com/jpra/article/view/103

Premanand Narasimhan, & Dr.N.Kala. (2024). Ensuring the Integrity of Digital Evidence: The Role of the Chain of Custody in Digital Forensics. International Journal of Scientific Research in Computer Science, Engineering and Information Technology, 10(6), 2438–2450. https://doi.org/10.32628/CSEIT2410612443

Prencipe, A. (2025). Accountability Between Compliance and Legitimacy: Rethinking Governance for Corporate Sustainability. Sustainability 2025, Vol. 17, Page 9305, 17(20), 9305. https://doi.org/10.3390/SU17209305

Priyadarshini, P., & Abhilash, P. C. (2022). Rethinking of higher education institutions as complex adaptive systems for enabling sustainability governance. Journal of Cleaner Production, 359, 132083. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JCLEPRO.2022.132083

Saiba, L., Kamata, J. S., & Kisoma, M. M. (2025). Records as Evidence and Accountability Mechanisms in Governance: A Systematic Review of the Literature. Journal of Arts, Humanities and Social Science, 2(3), 223–232. https://doi.org/10.69739/JAHSS.V2I3.1422

Sarifudin, R., Hotman, F., Damanik, S., & Wiralodra, G. (2024). Enhancing transparency and accountability in public administration through information technology utilization. Gema Wiralodra, 15(1), 32–40. https://doi.org/10.31943/GW.V15I1.661

Schembera, S., Haack, P., & Scherer, A. G. (2023). From Compliance to Progress: A Sensemaking Perspective on the Governance of Corruption. Organization Science, 34(3), 1184–1215. https://doi.org/10.1287/ORSC.2022.1614/ASSET/IMAGES/LARGE/ORSC.2022.1614F2.JPEG

Schillemans, T. (2022). The politics of accountability. Handbook on the Politics of Public Administration, 231–243. https://doi.org/10.4337/9781839109447.00028

Siddiki, S. N., Carboni, J. L., Koski, C., & Sadiq, A. A. (2015). How Policy Rules Shape the Structure and Performance of Collaborative Governance Arrangements. Public Administration Review, 75(4), 536–547. https://doi.org/10.1111/PUAR.12352

Singh, A., & Nagar, V. (2023). A THEORETICAL UNDERSTANDING OF GOVERNANCE AND GOOD GOVERNANCE. VIDYA - A JOURNAL OF GUJARAT UNIVERSITY, 2(1), 39–47. https://doi.org/10.47413/VIDYA.V2I1.125

Spyropoulos, A. Z., Bratsas, C., Makris, G. C., Garoufallou, E., & Tsiantos, V. (2023). Interoperability-Enhanced Knowledge Management in Law Enforcement: An Integrated Data-Driven Forensic Ontological Approach to Crime Scene Analysis. Information (Switzerland), 14(11), 607. https://doi.org/10.3390/INFO14110607/S1

Syahrir, S., & Fandir, A. (2025). An Educational Evaluation Model to Strengthen Institutional Accountability and Quality through a Systematic Literature Review Approach. Panthera?: Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Sains Dan Terapan, 5(4), 1541–1565. https://doi.org/10.36312/PANTHERA.V5I4.760

Tanchai, S. (2024). Democratic Governance and Institutional Accountability in the 21st Century. Asian Journal of Humanities and Social Innovation, 1(2), 22–31. https://doi.org/10.14456/ajhsi.2024.8

Tešovi?, O. (2025). CONCEPTUALIZING JUDICIAL TRANSPARENCY AND PUBLIC TRUST – FRAMEWORKS FOR COMMUNITY-CENTERED JUSTICE. Pravo Teorija i Praksa, 42(2), 1–14.

Tu, W. (2025). The Accountability Paradox in the Chinese Bureaucracy. The Accountability Paradox in the Chinese Bureaucracy, 1–309. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-6392-7/SAVE-RESEARCH

Vestad, M. (2025). Every Object Needs a Place: Evidence Management, Access to Justice, and the Rule of law. Social & Legal Studies. https://doi.org/10.1177/09646639251363397

Wilson, R., French, M., Hesselgreaves, H., Lowe, T., & Smith, M. (2024). New development: Relational public services—reform and research agenda. Public Money & Management, 44(6), 553–558. https://doi.org/10.1080/09540962.2024.2344902

Yong, G. (2024). A Comparative Study on Procedural Adjudication. Criminal Procedural Trial in China, 63–123. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-4935-5_3

Zare, H., Gilmore, D. R., Balsara, K., Pargas, C. R., Valek, R., Ponce, A. N., Masoudi, N., Spencer, M., Warren, T. Y., & Crifasi, C. (2025). State-by-State Review: The Spread of Law Enforcement Accountability Policies. Social Sciences 2025, Vol. 14, Page 483, 14(8), 483. https://doi.org/10.3390/SOCSCI14080483

Published

2026-07-01

How to Cite

Wawan Setiawan, Andries Lionardo, Alfitri, & Slamet Widodo. (2026). Reconstructing Public Accountability in Evidence Management within Law Enforcement Institutions. Daengku: Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences Innovation, 6(4). https://doi.org/10.35877/454RI.daengku4833

Issue

Section

Articles