Prevalence, Causes, and Impacts of Pornography Consumption Among Adolescents in Wamakko Local Government Area, Sokoto State, Nigeria
https://doi.org/10.35877/454RI.daengku2749
Keywords:
prevalence, pornography, consumption, adolescents, Wamakko, Sokoto State, Nigeria
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Abstract
This paper aims to study the prevalence, causes, and impacts of pornography consumption (PC) among adolescents in Wamakko Local Government Area (WLGA), Sokoto State, Nigeria. A mixed-methods approach was used to gather data for this study. A randomized sampling technique was used to select a total of 550 respondents from the 11 political wards in WLGA, comprising 330 males and 220 females. Microsoft Word and Excel (2016 version) were used for data entry, editing, and cleaning. Furthermore, Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS Version 20) software was used to analyze the quantitative data. The results show that 63.3% of the sampled respondents reported being exposed to pornographic content on the internet, primarily through websites and social media platforms. Additionally, the study found that factors like peer influence, the lack of comprehensive sex education, and adolescents’ natural curiosity contribute to adolescent engagement in PC. In conclusion, the study recommends implementing comprehensive sex education in schools, promoting open communication between parents and their children, and raising awareness about the potential consequences of PC.
References
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Ajayi, A. (2022, May 23rd). Pornography growing among youths. The Hope. https://www.thehopenewspaper.com/pornography-growing-among-youths.
Ashraaf, M. A., & Othman, N. (2019). Factors for Pornography Addiction and its Implication on Teenager Personality. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 9(11), 1148–1160. http://dx.doi.org/10.6007/IJARBSS/v9-i11/6643.
Aulia, R., Rizqi, R. & Usmani, A. A. (2023). Pornography in the Perspective of Islamic Criminal law. Metro Islamic Law Review, 2(1) 79-89. https://doi.32332/milrev.v2i1.7354
Ballester, L. B., Orte, C. S., & Rosón, C. V. (2020). A survey study on pornography consumption among young Spaniards and its impact on interpersonal relationships. Net Journal of Social Sciences, 10(3), 71-86, DOI:10.30918/NJSS.103.22.023
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Desmond, A. T., Titilayo, M. A. & Owaje, E. M. (2018). Behavioral risk factors for sexually transmitted infections and health seeking behavior of street youth in Ibadan, Nigeria. BMC Public Health, 8(1), 180-187. DOI:10.4314/ahs.v18i1.23
Flood, M. (2009). The harms of pornography exposure among children and young people. Child Abuse Review, 18(6), 384400. https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/car.1092
George, M., Maheshwari, S., Chandran, S., & Sathyanararana Rao, T.S. (2019). Psychosocial Aspects of Pornography.journal of Psychosexual Health, 1(1), 44-47. DOI: 10.1177/2631831818821535
Gilles, G. (2015). How Pornography Distort Intimate Relationships. https://www.mentalhealth.net/blogs/how-pornography-distort-intimate-relationships/
Grubbs, J. B., Stauner, N., Exline, J. J., Pargament, K. I., & Lindberg, M. J. (2015). Perceived Addiction to Internet Pornography and Psychological Distress: Examining Relationships Concurrently and over Time. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, 29(4), 1056–1067. https://doi.org/10.1037/adb0000114
Gruber, M. J. & Fandakova, Y. (2021). Curiosity in childhood and adolescence- what can we learn from the brain. Current Opinions in Behavioral Sciences, 39, 178-181. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cobeha.2021.03.031
Hill, C. A. (2002). Gender, relationship stage, and sexual behavior: the importance of partner emotional involvement within specific situation. Journal of Sex Research, 39(3), 228-240. https://doi.org/10.1080/00224490209552145
Hirschi, T. (1969). Causes of delinquency. Berkeley: University of California Press.
Idoiaga-Mondragon, N., Munitis, A. E., Ozamiz-Etxebarria, N., & Saez, I. A. (2024). Let Us Educate on Pornography: Young Education Representations of Pornography. Sexuality Research and Social Policy. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13178-023-00930-z
Jha, A., & Banerjee, D. (2022). Neurobiological of Sex and Pornography Addictions: A Primer. Journal of Psychosexual Health, 4(4), 227-236. DOI: 10.1177/26318318221116042
Jhe, G. B., Addison, J., Lin, J., & Pluhar, E. (2023). Pornography use among adolescents and the role of primary care. BMC Public Health, 11(1): e001776. DOI: 10.1136/2022-01776
Jin, W. Y., & Peng, M. (2021). The Effects of Social Perception on Moral Judgment. Frontiers in Psychology, 11:557216. DOI: 10.3389/fpsy.g.2020.557216
Kar, S. K., Choudhury, A., & Singh, A. P. (2015). Understanding normal development of adolescent sexuality: A bumpy ride. Journal of Human Reproductive Sciences 8(2), 70-74. DOI:10.4103/0974-1208.158594.
Kumbhare, K. (2022). Effect pornography has on an Individual’s Personality. The International Journal of Indian Psychology, 10 (3), 1460-1467. DOI: 10.25215/1003.156
Lin, W. H., Liu, C., & Yi, C. C. (2020). Exposure to sexually explicit media in early adolescence is related to risky sexual behavior in emerging adulthood. Plos One, 15(4): e0230242. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0230242.
Lou, W. (2023). Research on the Influence of Peer Pressure on Adolescents. Proceedings of the International Conference on Social Psychology and Humanity Studies. DOI:10.54254/2753-7048/8/8/20230090
Manaf, A. R., Hillaluddin A. H., Jamaluddin, Z., Ahmad, N. A., Arshad, F. H., Saad, M. Z., Zain, M. R., & Abdullah, W. R. K. (2013). Pengetahuan Seksualiti Dalam Kalangan Pelajar Sekolah. Jurnal Pembangunan Sosial. 16, 15-31.
Miller P.T. (2023) Exploring Challenges and Strategies in Advocating for Comprehensive Sexuality Education in Nigeria, British Journal of Education, 11(13), 1-24. https://doi.org/10.37745/bje.2013/vol11n13124
Norman, M. A. A., & Othman, N. (2019). Pengaruh Dan Implikasi Tingkah Laku Pornografi Terhadap Kesan Psikologi Dalam Kalangan Remaja Di Malaysia, Persidangan Kaunseling Profesional, Hospital Rehabilitas Cheras.
Oddone-Paolucci, E., Genuis, M., & Violato, C. (2017). A meta-analysis of the published research on the effects of pornography. The Changing Family and Child Development, January 1997, 48–59. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315201702
Okafor, C. O., Elijah, E. O., & Andrew c, A. (2015). An Evaluation of the Correlation between Internet Pornography and the Sexual Behavior of Nigerian Undergraduates. Communication Panorama Africa and Global Perspectives, 1(1), 1-14.
Okunola, L. J., Oduntan, M., Adaoye, A., & Olutayo, F. S. (2022). Internet Pornography Viewing, Mental Health of Viewers, and Socio-Demographic Determinants of the Behavior among Youths in Ogun State, Nigeria. Journal of Social Behavior and Community Health, 6(2), 932-939. DOI: 10.18502/jsbch.v6i2.11144
Olaleye, O. S., & Ajuwon, A. (2022) "Influence of the use of Social-Media and Exposure to Pornography on the Sexual Behavior of youths in selected tertiary institutions in Southwest Nigeria," Health Behavior Research, 5(3). https://doi.org/10.4148/2572-1836.1137
Onah, N., & Nche, G. C. (2014). The Moral Implication of Social Media Phenomenon in Nigeria. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, 5(20), 2231-2237. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n20p2231.
Pandey, A. K., & Teotia, A. (2023). Pornography, Self-Esteem, Capacity for Intimacy: A Comparative Study. The International Journal of Indian Psychology, 10 (3), 227-276. DOI: 10.25215/1104.028
Paranjape, V. N. (2019). Criminology & Penology with Victimology, Eleventh Edition, Allahabad: Central Law Publications.
Paulus, F. W., Ohmann, S., Nouri, F., & Popow, C. (2023). The impact of Internet pornography on children and adolescents: A systematic review. L’Encephale. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.encep.2023.12.004
Peter, J., & Valkenburg, P. M. (2016). Adolescents and Pornography: A Review of 20 Years of Research. Journal of Sex Research, 53(4-5), 509–531. https://doi.org/10.1080/00 224499.2016.1143441
Sanz-Barbero, B., Estevez-Garcia, J. F., Madrona-Bonastre, R., Vicens, G. R., Serra, L., & Vives-Cases, C. (2024). Pornography, sexual orientation and ambivalent sexism in young adults in Spain. BMC Public Health, 24(1), 374. DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-17853-y
Smith, S. & Lesuer, J., (2023). Pornography Use among Young Adult in the United States. Bellard Brief. https://bellardbrief.byu.edu/issue-briefs/pornography-use-among-young-adults-in-the-united-states
Thornburgh, D., & Lin, H. (2004). Youth, pornography, and the Internet. Issues in Science and Technology, 20(2), 43–48.
Vaillancourt, M. P., & Bergeron, S., (2018). Self‑Perceived Problematic Pornography Use: Beyond Individual Differences and Religiosity. Journal of Springer Nature
Voss, G. (2015). Stigma and the Shaping of the Pornography Industry. London: Rutledge
Webber, M.., Quiring, O., & Daschmann, G. (2012). Peers, Parents and Pornography: Exploring Adolescents Exposure to Sexually Explicit Material and Its Developmental Correlates. Sexuality & Culture, 16(4), 408-427. DOI: 10.1007/s12119-012-9132-7
Willis, M., Bridges, A. J., & Sun, C. (2022). Pornography Use, Gender, and Sexual Objectification: A Multinational Study. Sexuality & Culture, 26, 1298-1313. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12119-022-09943-z
Wolak, J., Mitchell, K., & Finkelhor, D. (2007). Unwanted and wanted exposure to online pornography in a national sample of youth Internet users. Pediatrics, 119(2), 247-257.
Yar, M. (2019). Protecting children from internet pornography? A critical assessment of statutory age verification and its enforcement in the UK. Policing: An International Journal, 43(1), 183-197.
Yunengshi, W., & Setiawan, A. (2021). Contribution of Pornographic Exposure and Addiction to Risky Sexual Behavior in Adolescents. Journal of Public Health Research, 10 (1Suppl): jphr.2021.2323. DOI:10.4081/jphr2021.2333.
Ajayi, A. (2022, May 23rd). Pornography growing among youths. The Hope. https://www.thehopenewspaper.com/pornography-growing-among-youths.
Ashraaf, M. A., & Othman, N. (2019). Factors for Pornography Addiction and its Implication on Teenager Personality. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 9(11), 1148–1160. http://dx.doi.org/10.6007/IJARBSS/v9-i11/6643.
Aulia, R., Rizqi, R. & Usmani, A. A. (2023). Pornography in the Perspective of Islamic Criminal law. Metro Islamic Law Review, 2(1) 79-89. https://doi.32332/milrev.v2i1.7354
Ballester, L. B., Orte, C. S., & Rosón, C. V. (2020). A survey study on pornography consumption among young Spaniards and its impact on interpersonal relationships. Net Journal of Social Sciences, 10(3), 71-86, DOI:10.30918/NJSS.103.22.023
Bhana, D. (2016). Virginity and Virtue. African Masculinity and Femininities in the Making of Teenage Sexual Cultures. Sexualities, 19(4), 465-81
Ceci, L. (2024). Pornhub.com web traffic 2024, by country. Retrieved from https://www.statista.com
Desmond, A. T., Titilayo, M. A. & Owaje, E. M. (2018). Behavioral risk factors for sexually transmitted infections and health seeking behavior of street youth in Ibadan, Nigeria. BMC Public Health, 8(1), 180-187. DOI:10.4314/ahs.v18i1.23
Flood, M. (2009). The harms of pornography exposure among children and young people. Child Abuse Review, 18(6), 384400. https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/car.1092
George, M., Maheshwari, S., Chandran, S., & Sathyanararana Rao, T.S. (2019). Psychosocial Aspects of Pornography.journal of Psychosexual Health, 1(1), 44-47. DOI: 10.1177/2631831818821535
Gilles, G. (2015). How Pornography Distort Intimate Relationships. https://www.mentalhealth.net/blogs/how-pornography-distort-intimate-relationships/
Grubbs, J. B., Stauner, N., Exline, J. J., Pargament, K. I., & Lindberg, M. J. (2015). Perceived Addiction to Internet Pornography and Psychological Distress: Examining Relationships Concurrently and over Time. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, 29(4), 1056–1067. https://doi.org/10.1037/adb0000114
Gruber, M. J. & Fandakova, Y. (2021). Curiosity in childhood and adolescence- what can we learn from the brain. Current Opinions in Behavioral Sciences, 39, 178-181. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cobeha.2021.03.031
Hill, C. A. (2002). Gender, relationship stage, and sexual behavior: the importance of partner emotional involvement within specific situation. Journal of Sex Research, 39(3), 228-240. https://doi.org/10.1080/00224490209552145
Hirschi, T. (1969). Causes of delinquency. Berkeley: University of California Press.
Idoiaga-Mondragon, N., Munitis, A. E., Ozamiz-Etxebarria, N., & Saez, I. A. (2024). Let Us Educate on Pornography: Young Education Representations of Pornography. Sexuality Research and Social Policy. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13178-023-00930-z
Jha, A., & Banerjee, D. (2022). Neurobiological of Sex and Pornography Addictions: A Primer. Journal of Psychosexual Health, 4(4), 227-236. DOI: 10.1177/26318318221116042
Jhe, G. B., Addison, J., Lin, J., & Pluhar, E. (2023). Pornography use among adolescents and the role of primary care. BMC Public Health, 11(1): e001776. DOI: 10.1136/2022-01776
Jin, W. Y., & Peng, M. (2021). The Effects of Social Perception on Moral Judgment. Frontiers in Psychology, 11:557216. DOI: 10.3389/fpsy.g.2020.557216
Kar, S. K., Choudhury, A., & Singh, A. P. (2015). Understanding normal development of adolescent sexuality: A bumpy ride. Journal of Human Reproductive Sciences 8(2), 70-74. DOI:10.4103/0974-1208.158594.
Kumbhare, K. (2022). Effect pornography has on an Individual’s Personality. The International Journal of Indian Psychology, 10 (3), 1460-1467. DOI: 10.25215/1003.156
Lin, W. H., Liu, C., & Yi, C. C. (2020). Exposure to sexually explicit media in early adolescence is related to risky sexual behavior in emerging adulthood. Plos One, 15(4): e0230242. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0230242.
Lou, W. (2023). Research on the Influence of Peer Pressure on Adolescents. Proceedings of the International Conference on Social Psychology and Humanity Studies. DOI:10.54254/2753-7048/8/8/20230090
Manaf, A. R., Hillaluddin A. H., Jamaluddin, Z., Ahmad, N. A., Arshad, F. H., Saad, M. Z., Zain, M. R., & Abdullah, W. R. K. (2013). Pengetahuan Seksualiti Dalam Kalangan Pelajar Sekolah. Jurnal Pembangunan Sosial. 16, 15-31.
Miller P.T. (2023) Exploring Challenges and Strategies in Advocating for Comprehensive Sexuality Education in Nigeria, British Journal of Education, 11(13), 1-24. https://doi.org/10.37745/bje.2013/vol11n13124
Norman, M. A. A., & Othman, N. (2019). Pengaruh Dan Implikasi Tingkah Laku Pornografi Terhadap Kesan Psikologi Dalam Kalangan Remaja Di Malaysia, Persidangan Kaunseling Profesional, Hospital Rehabilitas Cheras.
Oddone-Paolucci, E., Genuis, M., & Violato, C. (2017). A meta-analysis of the published research on the effects of pornography. The Changing Family and Child Development, January 1997, 48–59. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315201702
Okafor, C. O., Elijah, E. O., & Andrew c, A. (2015). An Evaluation of the Correlation between Internet Pornography and the Sexual Behavior of Nigerian Undergraduates. Communication Panorama Africa and Global Perspectives, 1(1), 1-14.
Okunola, L. J., Oduntan, M., Adaoye, A., & Olutayo, F. S. (2022). Internet Pornography Viewing, Mental Health of Viewers, and Socio-Demographic Determinants of the Behavior among Youths in Ogun State, Nigeria. Journal of Social Behavior and Community Health, 6(2), 932-939. DOI: 10.18502/jsbch.v6i2.11144
Olaleye, O. S., & Ajuwon, A. (2022) "Influence of the use of Social-Media and Exposure to Pornography on the Sexual Behavior of youths in selected tertiary institutions in Southwest Nigeria," Health Behavior Research, 5(3). https://doi.org/10.4148/2572-1836.1137
Onah, N., & Nche, G. C. (2014). The Moral Implication of Social Media Phenomenon in Nigeria. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, 5(20), 2231-2237. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n20p2231.
Pandey, A. K., & Teotia, A. (2023). Pornography, Self-Esteem, Capacity for Intimacy: A Comparative Study. The International Journal of Indian Psychology, 10 (3), 227-276. DOI: 10.25215/1104.028
Paranjape, V. N. (2019). Criminology & Penology with Victimology, Eleventh Edition, Allahabad: Central Law Publications.
Paulus, F. W., Ohmann, S., Nouri, F., & Popow, C. (2023). The impact of Internet pornography on children and adolescents: A systematic review. L’Encephale. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.encep.2023.12.004
Peter, J., & Valkenburg, P. M. (2016). Adolescents and Pornography: A Review of 20 Years of Research. Journal of Sex Research, 53(4-5), 509–531. https://doi.org/10.1080/00 224499.2016.1143441
Sanz-Barbero, B., Estevez-Garcia, J. F., Madrona-Bonastre, R., Vicens, G. R., Serra, L., & Vives-Cases, C. (2024). Pornography, sexual orientation and ambivalent sexism in young adults in Spain. BMC Public Health, 24(1), 374. DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-17853-y
Smith, S. & Lesuer, J., (2023). Pornography Use among Young Adult in the United States. Bellard Brief. https://bellardbrief.byu.edu/issue-briefs/pornography-use-among-young-adults-in-the-united-states
Thornburgh, D., & Lin, H. (2004). Youth, pornography, and the Internet. Issues in Science and Technology, 20(2), 43–48.
Vaillancourt, M. P., & Bergeron, S., (2018). Self‑Perceived Problematic Pornography Use: Beyond Individual Differences and Religiosity. Journal of Springer Nature
Voss, G. (2015). Stigma and the Shaping of the Pornography Industry. London: Rutledge
Webber, M.., Quiring, O., & Daschmann, G. (2012). Peers, Parents and Pornography: Exploring Adolescents Exposure to Sexually Explicit Material and Its Developmental Correlates. Sexuality & Culture, 16(4), 408-427. DOI: 10.1007/s12119-012-9132-7
Willis, M., Bridges, A. J., & Sun, C. (2022). Pornography Use, Gender, and Sexual Objectification: A Multinational Study. Sexuality & Culture, 26, 1298-1313. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12119-022-09943-z
Wolak, J., Mitchell, K., & Finkelhor, D. (2007). Unwanted and wanted exposure to online pornography in a national sample of youth Internet users. Pediatrics, 119(2), 247-257.
Yar, M. (2019). Protecting children from internet pornography? A critical assessment of statutory age verification and its enforcement in the UK. Policing: An International Journal, 43(1), 183-197.
Yunengshi, W., & Setiawan, A. (2021). Contribution of Pornographic Exposure and Addiction to Risky Sexual Behavior in Adolescents. Journal of Public Health Research, 10 (1Suppl): jphr.2021.2323. DOI:10.4081/jphr2021.2333.
Published
2024-07-25
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How to Cite
Muhammad Sani, K., Mamman Adam, M., Mohammed, F., Sani Udu, M., Joseph Iko-Ojo, I., Haruna Danjuma, A., & Kaila Umar, K. (2024). Prevalence, Causes, and Impacts of Pornography Consumption Among Adolescents in Wamakko Local Government Area, Sokoto State, Nigeria. Daengku: Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences Innovation, 4(5), 793-805. https://doi.org/10.35877/454RI.daengku2749
Copyright (c) 2024 Kamal Muhammad Sani, Maryam Mamman Adam, Fatima Mohammed, Madina Sani Udu, Ineke Joseph Iko-Ojo, Ahmed Haruna Danjuma, Kamal Kaila Umar
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