The Application of Dwangsom in The Execution of State Administrative Court Decisions in Indonesia From A Justice Perspective

Effendi; Ardiansyah; Robert Libra

doi:10.35877/454RI.daengku4278

Effendi Lancang Kuning University, Indonesia (ID)
Ardiansyah Lancang Kuning University, Indonesia (ID)
Robert Libra Lancang Kuning University, Indonesia (ID)

https://doi.org/10.35877/454RI.daengku4278

Keywords: Dwangsom, Execution of the Verdict, Justice

Viewed = 0 time(s)

Abstract

Article 116 paragraph (4) of Law Number 51 of 2009 stipulates that officials who do not implement decisions of the State Administrative Court (PTUN) that have permanent legal force may be subject to coercive measures in the form of forced money (dwangsom) and/or administrative sanctions. This study aims to: first, analyze the legal regulations on dwangsom in the execution of PTUN decisions in Indonesia; second, examine the application of dwangsom by judges in judicial practice; third, examine the implications of the application of dwangsom from a justice perspective. The method used is normative juridical with a statutory, conceptual, and case approach. Data were obtained from primary and secondary legal materials, analyzed qualitatively, with a case study on Decision Number 13/G/2016/PTUN.TPI. The results of the study indicate that the regulation of dwangsom in the execution of PTUN decisions is still partial and not supported by technical regulations. Article 116 paragraph (4) of Law Number 51 of 2009 is not accompanied by detailed guidelines so that its application depends on the judge's initiative and the plaintiff's request, without quantitative or procedural standards. In fact, dwangsom has the potential to be an effective means of pressuring officials to comply with decisions voluntarily and in a timely manner. Weak technical regulations and an unresponsive legal culture have limited its effectiveness. The conclusion of this study confirms that the dwangsom plays a strategic role in ensuring legal certainty and protecting the public's rights from arbitrary government action. Comprehensive technical regulations and the establishment of an independent national enforcement agency are recommended to ensure the practical implementation of PTUN decisions. Thus, dwangsom can function effectively as an instrument for upholding the rule of law and providing justice for those seeking justice.

References

Ali, Zainuddin. 2016. Pengantar Ilmu Hukum. Jakarta: Sinar Grafika.
Astawa, I Gede Pantja. 2012. Dinamika Hukum dan Perundang-undangan di Indonesia. Bandung: PT. Alumni. Heriyanto, Bambang. 2021. “Kajian Hukum Pelaksanaan Uang Paksa (Dwangsom) di Peradilan Tata Usaha Negara”.
Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hukum dan Peradilan, Direktorat Jenderal Peradilan Militer dan Peradilan Tata Usaha Negara, Vol. 4 No. 2, hal. 150.
Hadjon, Philipus M. 1987. Perlindungan Hukum Bagi Rakyat Indonesia: Suatu Pengkajian tentang Prinsip- prinsipnya, Penanganannya oleh Pengadilan dalam Lingkungan Peradilan Umum dan Pembentukan Peradilan Administrasi Negara. Surabaya: PT Bina Ilmu.
KY, Noer, dan Esty. 2024. “CHA Mustamar: Kelemahan PTUN Terletak pada Eksekusi Putusan yang Sering Diabaikan”. [10 Juli 2024]. https://www.komisiyudisial.go.id/frontend/news_detail/15669/cha-mustamar-kelemahan-ptun-terletak-
pada-eksekusi-putusan-yang-sering-diabaikan, diakses pada 20 Juni 2025.
Lahopang, Silvia Rahmawati. 2018. “Kajian Hukum Proses Eksekusi Putusan Peradilan Tata Usaha Negara”. Jurnal Lex Administratum, Vol. 6 No. 3, hal. 161.
Lotulung, Paulus Effendi. 2003. In Re-examining the Main Ideas of the Founders of State Administrative Courts in Indonesia. Jakarta: Institute for Research and Development of State Administrative Law.
Lubis, Fauziah dan Gozali Ilyas. 2024. “Penerapan Asas Kepastian Hukum Dalam Proses Eksekusi Putusan Hakim Kepada Pihak Yang Kalah Dalam Perkara Perdata”. Jurnal Hukum Progresif, Vol. 7 No. 6, hal. 114.
Marbun, S.F. 2011. Peradilan Administrasi Negara dan Upaya Administrasi Negara. Yogyakarta: FH UII Press. Marbun, S.F. dan Moh. Mahfud MD. 1987. Pokok-pokok Hukum Administrasi Negara. Yogyakarta: Liberty.
Muchsan. 2007. Sistem Pengawasan Terhadap Perbuatan Aparat Pemerintah dan Peradilan Administrasi Negara di Indonesia. Yogyakarta: Liberty.
Muhidin, Asep. 2023. “Kepastian Hukum Mengenai Pelaksanaan Putusan Peradilan Tata Usaha Negara Yang Telah Mempunyai Kekuatan Hukum Tetap”. Al-Afkar: Journal for Islamic Studies, Vol. 6 No. 4, hal. 418.
Muhaimin. 2020. Metode Penelitian Hukum. Mataram: Mataram University Press.
Mulyanti, Vidi Siami, dkk. 2025. “Analisis Yuridis Kepastian Hukum Pelaksanaan Putusan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 109/Pk/Pdt/2022 Pada Perkara Dago Elos Ditinjau Berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 5 Tahun 1960 Tentang Pokok-Pokok Agraria”. Jurnal Hukum Tata Usaha Negara dan Hukum Publik, Vol. 2 No. 1, hal. 73.
Pengadilan Tata Usaha Negara Tanjungpinang. 2016. Putusan Perkara Nomor 13/G/2016/PTUN.TPI, Budi Saputra vs. Kepala Kantor Pertanahan Kabupaten Karimun dan Nathan Wahyudianto dan Haris alias Tjap Hiok.
Rawls, John. 2006. A Theory of Justice. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Rohaedi, Edi, Nandang Kusnadi, Bambang Heriyanto, dan Nuradi. 2023. “Kedudukan Uang Paksa (Dwangsom) dalam Eksekusi Putusan Pengadilan Tata Usaha Negara”. Pakuan Law Review (PALAR), Vol. 9 No. 2, hal. 121.
Santoso, Raihan Andhika, et al. 2023. “Kedudukan dan Kekuatan Hukum Surat Edaran Mahkamah Agung (SEMA) dalam Hukum Positif Indonesia”. Deposition: Jurnal Publikasi Ilmu Hukum, Vol. 1 No. 4, hal. 13.
Slamet, Sri Redjeki, dkk. 2023. “Dwangsom sebagai Upaya Paksaan Terhadap Putusan Hakim”. Lex Jurnalica, Vol.
20 No. 2, hal. 239.
Soekanto, Soerjono. 2006. Pengantar Penelitian Hukum. Jakarta: UI Press. Suteki. 2022. Pengantar Penelitian Hukum. Depok: Raja Grafindo.
Tjakranegara, Soegijatno. 1994. Hukum Acara Peradilan Tata Usaha Negara Indonesia. Jakarta: Sinar Grafika.
Vivi. 2024. “The Principle of Legal Certainty in the Implementation of an International Arbitration Decision”. Tesis.
Bogor: Program Studi Ilmu Hukum, Sekolah Pascasarjana, Universitas Pakuan.
Wahyono, Padmo. 1984. Beberapa Permasalahan Konstitusional di Indonesia. Jakarta: Ghalia Indonesia.
Yulius. 2019. Masalah Eksekusi Pejabat Tata Usaha Negara dan Wacana Lembaga Eksekusi Negara. Lampung: Aura.
Zulkifli, M. Azizi, Nur Hidayat, & Peri Pirmansyah. 2025. “Kajian Yuridis Ketentuan Sanksi Uang Paksa (Dwangsom) dalam Pelaksanaan Putusan Pengadilan Tata Usaha Negara Berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 51 Tahun 2009 Tentang Perubahan Kedua Atas Undang-Undang Nomor 5 Tahun 1986 Tentang Peradilan Tata Usaha Negara”. Journal of Sharia and Law, Vol. 3 No. 4, hal. 1198.
Zulkarnaen dan Dewi Mayaningsih. 2018. Hukum Acara Peradilan Administrasi di Indonesia. Bandung: Pustaka Setia.